Journal: Biosensors & Bioelectronics

Article Title: Magnetic beads combined with carbon black-based screen-printed electrodes for COVID-19: A reliable and miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112686

Figure Lengend Snippet: The MBs-based assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection in untreated saliva.

Article Snippet: The use of the high sensitive antibodies is one of the main task to develop high sensitive and selective analytical device, thus for the selection of antibodies, spectrophotometric ELISA was carried out to assess the reactivity of MAb and two different PAb (Sinobiological, Germany and ProSci, USA) towards two different S proteins namely SARS Coronavirus 2019 Spike Recombinant protein (1000–1200 aa) and Recombinant Spike protein SARS-CoV Spike protein, S1 subunit.

Techniques:

Journal: Biosensors & Bioelectronics

Article Title: Magnetic beads combined with carbon black-based screen-printed electrodes for COVID-19: A reliable and miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112686

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) ELISA response for two different PAb anti-SARS-CoV-2 1 μg/mL (Sinobiological and ProSci) towards two different Spike proteins coated at 2 ng/mL. B) Binding curve of colorimetric ELISA for MAb anti-SARS-CoV-2 ranging from 0.12 – 2 μg/mL. Coating of Spike protein: 2 ng/mL. C) Electrochemical response using the MBs-based assay using CB-based modified electrode (blue line) and bare electrode (black line). The mean value (n = 3) with the corresponding standard deviation was reported for each measurement. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: The use of the high sensitive antibodies is one of the main task to develop high sensitive and selective analytical device, thus for the selection of antibodies, spectrophotometric ELISA was carried out to assess the reactivity of MAb and two different PAb (Sinobiological, Germany and ProSci, USA) towards two different S proteins namely SARS Coronavirus 2019 Spike Recombinant protein (1000–1200 aa) and Recombinant Spike protein SARS-CoV Spike protein, S1 subunit.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Binding Assay, Modification, Standard Deviation

Journal: Biosensors & Bioelectronics

Article Title: Magnetic beads combined with carbon black-based screen-printed electrodes for COVID-19: A reliable and miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112686

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) Study of the signal response for evaluating PAb concentration. 10 μL of MBs, 200 μL of PAb anti SARS-CoV-2 0.5, 1, and 2 μg/mL (in PBS) + 200 μL of PAb-AP anti rabbit IgG 0.5, 1, and 2 μg/mL (in PBS) + 300 μL of tested sample, incubation time 30 min without stirring, 3 washing steps, testing a negative control and 0.16 μg/mL of S protein. B) Study of the signal response for evaluating the effect of incubation time. 10 μL of MBs, 200 μL of PAb anti SARS-CoV-2 1 μg/mL (in PBS) + 200 μL of PAb-AP anti rabbit IgG 1 μg/mL (in PBS) + 300 μL of tested sample, incubation time (15/30 min) without stirring, 3 washing steps, testing a negative control, 0.16 and 2.5 μg/mL of S protein. C) Study of the signal response as function of mixing during the incubation step. 10 μL of MBs, 200 μL of PAb anti SARS-CoV-2 1 μg/mL (in PBS) + 200 μL of PAb-AP anti rabbit IgG 1 μg/mL (in PBS) + 300 μL of tested sample, incubation time 30 min with and without stirring, 3 washing steps, testing a negative control and 0.16 and 2.5 μg/mL of S protein. D) Study of the signal response for evaluating the effect of number of washing steps. 10 μL of MBs, 200 μL of PAb anti SARS-CoV-2 1 μg/mL (in PBS) + 200 μL of PAb-AP anti rabbit IgG 1 μg/mL (in PBS) + 300 μL of tested sample, incubation time 30 min without stirring, 1/2/3 washing steps, testing a negative control and 0.16 μg/mL of S protein. The mean value (n = 3) with the corresponding standard deviation was reported for each measurement.

Article Snippet: The use of the high sensitive antibodies is one of the main task to develop high sensitive and selective analytical device, thus for the selection of antibodies, spectrophotometric ELISA was carried out to assess the reactivity of MAb and two different PAb (Sinobiological, Germany and ProSci, USA) towards two different S proteins namely SARS Coronavirus 2019 Spike Recombinant protein (1000–1200 aa) and Recombinant Spike protein SARS-CoV Spike protein, S1 subunit.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Incubation, Negative Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Biosensors & Bioelectronics

Article Title: Magnetic beads combined with carbon black-based screen-printed electrodes for COVID-19: A reliable and miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112686

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) Electrochemical calibration curve (inset the voltammograms) using the optimized parameters for S protein detection in buffer (black line) and in untreated saliva (red line) (n = 3). B) Electrochemical calibration curve (inset the voltammograms) for N protein detection in buffer (black line) and untreated saliva (red line) (n = 3). C) Voltammograms obtained without (black line) and with (blue line) cultured SARS-CoV-2 virus at concentration 6.5 PFU/mL using MBs-based immunoassay for S protein. D) Voltammograms obtained without (black line) and with (blue line) cultured SARS-CoV-2 virus at concentration 6.5 x 10 4 PFU/mL using MBs-based immunoassay for N protein. E) Exclusivity test on seasonal influenza virus A (H1N1) (10 2.9 TCID50 mL −1 ) and Influenza 2009 pH1N1 virus (10 4.15 TCID50 mL −1 ) in comparison to SARS-CoV-2 (6.5 PFU/mL) using assay for S protein (n = 3). F) Exclusivity test on seasonal influenza virus A (H1N1) (10 2.9 TCID50 mL −1 ) and 2009 influenza virus pH1N1 (10 4.15 TCID50 mL −1 ) in comparison to SARS-CoV-2 (6.5 x 10 4 PFU/mL) using assay for N protein (n = 3). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: The use of the high sensitive antibodies is one of the main task to develop high sensitive and selective analytical device, thus for the selection of antibodies, spectrophotometric ELISA was carried out to assess the reactivity of MAb and two different PAb (Sinobiological, Germany and ProSci, USA) towards two different S proteins namely SARS Coronavirus 2019 Spike Recombinant protein (1000–1200 aa) and Recombinant Spike protein SARS-CoV Spike protein, S1 subunit.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Concentration Assay

Journal: Biosensors & Bioelectronics

Article Title: Magnetic beads combined with carbon black-based screen-printed electrodes for COVID-19: A reliable and miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva

doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112686

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection.

Article Snippet: The use of the high sensitive antibodies is one of the main task to develop high sensitive and selective analytical device, thus for the selection of antibodies, spectrophotometric ELISA was carried out to assess the reactivity of MAb and two different PAb (Sinobiological, Germany and ProSci, USA) towards two different S proteins namely SARS Coronavirus 2019 Spike Recombinant protein (1000–1200 aa) and Recombinant Spike protein SARS-CoV Spike protein, S1 subunit.

Techniques: CRISPR, Amplification, Reporter Assay, SPR Assay, Transduction, Fluorescence, Immunochromatographic Assay

Journal: Structure (London, England : 1993)

Article Title: RCSB Protein Data Bank resources for structure-facilitated design of mRNA vaccines for existing and emerging viral pathogens

doi: 10.1016/j.str.2021.10.008

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: During the design phase, researchers at both Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna had open access to a total of 18 3D structures of the extracellular portion of the SARS-CoV-1 spike protein (first PDB: 5x5b , publicly released 5/3/2017; ).

Techniques: Software